Rapid weight gain in the first 3 months of life associated with several determinants of adult cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes
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Birth weight and early postnatal growth may predict certain later life phenotypic determinants linked to cardiometabolic risk. Thus, weight gain during infancy has been shown to be an important determinant of adult cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. This Dutch observational study using longitudinal data collected in the Programming Factors for Growth and Metabolism (PROGRAM) study of 217 healthy participants, 18-24 years of age, was designed to specify which period in the first year of life was determinant for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes risk phenotypes. In 87 participants, the association between timing of first-year weight gain and these determinants was also studied. Weight gain in the first 3 months of life was inversely associated with insulin sensitivity and serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level and positively associated with waist circumference, acute insulin response, ratio of total-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and level of triglycerides in early adulthood. Rapid weight gain during the first 3 months of life was associated with a higher percentage of body fat, more central adiposity, and reduced insulin sensitivity in early adulthood. In conclusion, rapid weight gain during the first 3 months of life associates with several determinants of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes in early adulthood.
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