Preventive effects of healthier dietary eating patterns on risk of diabetes and atherosclerosis potentially mediated by improvements in plasma adiponectin concentrations
Document Actions
It was previously established that major unhealthy dietary patterns, which reflect dietary intake, are associated with inflammatory biomarkers and endothelial dysfunction. The aim of the study was to determine whether adherence to healthy eating patterns, such as the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), was associated with higher plasma total and high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin concentrations and lower concentrations of resistin, as well as with biomarkers of inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and insulin resistance. To this end, 1922 women participating in the Nurses’ Health Study with no history of diabetes or cardiovascular disease were evaluated. Compared to women with low adherence to the AHEI, those with the highest adherence had 24% higher median total adiponectin and 32% higher median HMW adiponectin concentrations along with 16% lower resistin, 41% lower C-reactive protein, 19% lower sE-selectin, and 24% lower ferritin concentrations. These associations remained robust after adjusting for potential confounders. Furthermore, inverse associations were found between the AHEI and soluble tumour necrosis factor-alpha receptor II, interleukin-6, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, C-peptide, insulin, and glycated haemoglobin. These associations, however, were no longer significant after adjusting for BMI. The preventive effects of healthier dietary patterns on risk for diabetes and atherosclerosis may be accounted for by improvements in plasma concentrations of adipokines or other risk biomarkers for diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Abstract
