Relationships between metabolic syndrome or its components and incident Alzheimer’s disease or vascular dementia
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A total of 7087 community-dwelling subjects aged ≥65 years were recruited from the French Three-City cohort in order to examine the association between metabolic syndrome or its components and risk of incident dementia. Metabolic syndrome (NCEP ATP III criteria) was prevalent at study inception in 15.8% of the study population. Cox proportional hazard model analysis revealed that the presence of metabolic syndrome independently increased the risk of incident vascular dementia but not of Alzheimer’s disease over 4 years, with high triglyceride levels being significantly associated with incidental all-cause dementia and vascular dementia, even after adjusting for the Apolipoprotein E genotype. Furthermore, diabetes, but not impaired fasting glucose, was also significantly associated with both all-cause dementia and vascular dementia. The relation between high triglyceride levels, diabetes and vascular dementia highlights the need for early detection of modifiable vascular risk factors in the elderly so as to potentially intervene on the onset of clinical dementia.
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