Increase in physical activity energy expenditure associated with reduced metabolic risk independently of change in fatness and fitness
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To examine whether change in physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) was associated with change in metabolic risk factors independently of change in fat mass and aerobic fitness, 176 men and 217 women from a population-based sample were followed prospectively for 5.6 years. PAEE, aerobic fitness, total body fat (FM) and metabolic risk factors were measured at baseline and follow-up. At follow-up, a 100 J/kg fat free mass (FFM)/min increase in PAEE from baseline was associated with a reduction in triglycerides of 3.5% in men and 3.2% in women, a reduction in fasting insulin of 5.3% in both men and women, and a reduction in 2-hour glucose of 3.2% in men and 3.1% in women, after adjusting for confounding factors, including aerobic fitness and change in fat mass, although the association for change in fat mass with metabolic risk factors was stronger than for PAEE. In conclusion, increasing levels of physical activity may protect against metabolic disease even in the absence of improved aerobic fitness and reduced body fatness.
Abstract
